Prof. Ference shows that PCSK9 inhibition has biologically and therapeutically equivalent effects on the risk of CVD as observed with statins.

In high Lp(a)-associated CV risk patients, reduction of Lp(a) with PCSK9 inhibition lowered this risk, even at very low LDL-c levels.

An Expert Consensus Panel recommends that clinical genetic testing becomes standard care for patients with definite or suspicion of FH, as well as for their at-risk relatives, to improve risk stratification, diagnosis and early treatment.

Lp(a) concentrations have to be decreased by approximately 100 mg/dL in order to achieve clinically meaningful reductions in the risk of CHD, as shown by Mendelian randomization analysis.

A prespecified analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOME trial showed a bigger treatment effect of alirocumab with no adverse effects on measures of glycemia or new onset diabetes in patients with diabetes compared to those with normoglycemia or pre-diabetes.

A subanalysis of the ORION-1 phase II trial showed that inclisiran reduced LDL-c in high CV risk patients, irrespective of presence of diabetes.

ADA 2018 Analysis of ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial indicates people with diabetes and prior ACS benefit most from the combination of alirocumab and statins, compared to ACS survivors with prediabetes or with normal glucose levels

Prof. Frederick Raal describes the prevalence and phenotypic variability of FH. Novel therapies have changed FH from a lethal disorder to a manageable dyslipidaemia.

The European Commission (EC) has approved the use of evolocumab in patients with established atherosclerotic CVD (MI, stroke, PAD) to reduce CV risk.

Inhibition of hepatic PCSK9 synthesis with the small interfering RNA inclisiran led to significant reductions of non-HDL-c and apoB, and increases of HDL-c, which were sustained up to day 180.

New ORION-data shows inclisiran has a one-size-fits-all dosing regimen of 300 mg on day 1, day 90 and every six months thereafter, across a wide range of dyslipidemia patients, including HoFH.

A model assuming 100% adherence to maximal statin dose showed that only 10% of heFH patients with CHD would reach guideline-recommended LDL-c goal, and about half of those without CHD.