Physicians' Academy for Cardiovascular Education
An analysis of a large population-based study showed that reduced sodium intake is associated with an increased CV risk and an increased sodium intake is associated with an increase in stroke.
In patients with minor ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA, treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin was associated with lower risk of major ischemic events, but higher risk of major and minor hemorrhages.
In a prospective study, LDL-TG levels were associated with an increased risk of CVD, including CHD and ischemic stroke. Lower LDL-TG levels were observed in individuals with the APOE ε2/2 haplotype.
In a subanalysis of the ACCORD BP trial, intensive blood pressure treatment in T2DM patients receiving standard glycemic control was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CV events, including HF hospitalization.
Maintaining or changing to a healthy lifestyle after diabetes diagnosis is associated with a significantly lower risk CVD incidence and mortality.
In the LEADER trial, patients with severe hypoglycemia episodes had a higher risk of CV events and mortality compared with patients without severe hypoglycemia, independent of treatment group.
Several reproductive factors, including early menarche, a history of miscarriage or hysterectomy, earlier age at first birth, or an early menopause, were associated with an increased CV risk in later life.
In a pooled analysis of databases of 6 different countries, the initiation of SGLT2i was associated with lower risks of CV outcomes, as compared with other glucose-lowering drugs.
CV risk is high in obese women without metabolic abnormalities, as well as in women with hypertension, diabetes or hypercholesterolemia, independently of their body mass index.
Both baseline and lifetime alcohol intake were inversely associated with the risk of non-fatal CHD, and positively associated with the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
Patients with a transient ischemic attack or minor stroke had a sustained elevated risk of CV events up to 5 years after the first event, and approximately half of these events occurred after the first year.
Compared with placebo, alogliptin did not increase CV risk in type 2 diabetic patients up to 6 months after an ACS, or later.
