Prof. David Marais reviews the impact of various dietary lipids as they relate to the conventional lipoprotein profile in persons who do not have significant metabolic defects, as well as the impact on persons with metabolic disease.

A prespecified analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOME trial showed a bigger treatment effect of alirocumab with no adverse effects on measures of glycemia or new onset diabetes in patients with diabetes compared to those with normoglycemia or pre-diabetes.

In patients with HoFH, lomitapide led to a significant reduction of LDL-c levels and to achievement of EAS targets in many patients, while CV event rates correlated with LDL-c levels.

A subanalysis of the ORION-1 phase II trial showed that inclisiran reduced LDL-c in high CV risk patients, irrespective of presence of diabetes.

Clinical updates in management of cardiovascular risk Using data from large randomized clinical trials and from various cohorts, risk and treatment effects in individual patients can be predicted. Now even lifetime risk and lifetime treatment benefit can be predicted in terms of vascular disease-free life years gained.

ADA 2018 Analysis of ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial indicates people with diabetes and prior ACS benefit most from the combination of alirocumab and statins, compared to ACS survivors with prediabetes or with normal glucose levels

Prof. Hobbs stresses the importance of CVRM in primary care and how to manage this risk beyond glucose control.

Charlotte Koopal discusses the pathofysiology of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, how to diagnose the disease and recommendations for treatment.

Clinical updates in management of cardiovascular risk For lowering LDL-c, statins play a major role in both primary and secondary CV prevention in all patients. There is room for improvement with respect to choosing the right dosing regimen.

Prof. Frederick Raal describes the prevalence and phenotypic variability of FH. Novel therapies have changed FH from a lethal disorder to a manageable dyslipidaemia.

The European Commission (EC) has approved the use of evolocumab in patients with established atherosclerotic CVD (MI, stroke, PAD) to reduce CV risk.

A Google-driven nocebo effect may underlie statin intolerance, as countries with many websites on statin side-effects showed a higher prevalence of statin intolerance.